(2021). Herbal remedies are usually the talk of the town. Researchers must carry out further studies on humans to identify what benefits a person can expect from applying milk thistle to their skin. Milk Thistle, PDQ Cancer Information Summaries, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. An important part of taking supplements is proper storage. Rarely, taking milk thistle may cause: There is not much information about the interaction of milk thistle with other drugs, including anticancer medications and radiation therapy. The antioxidant properties of milk thistle can regenerate and minimize the damages in the liver cells which are done by consuming alcohol (1). The most common use of milk thistle is for liver problems. 2008;47(2):605-12. doi:10.1002/hep.22044. It is native to Mediterranean countries. Milk thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch. Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. Milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but you still may experience side effects when taking it. Results from clinical trials of milk thistle for liver diseases have been conflicting or havent been clinically meaningful. 2005;100(11):2583-91. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00262.x. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Gillessen A, Schmidt HH. It also looks at how to use milk thistle and whether there are any risks to consider. There are other supplements that work similarly to milk thistle. Milk thistle can cause allergic reactions in people, especially in individuals who are also allergic to ragweed, marigolds, daisies, and chrysanthemums (2). 2014;2014:941085. doi:10.1155/2014/941085. Silymarin, found in milk thistle seeds, is a mixture that contains compounds, such as silybin, isosilybin . Check out our. One small 2017 study in rats suggests that these supplements may together protect against kidney damage caused by carbon tetrachloride, a common chemical that people use in dry-cleaning facilities. Substances in milk thistle may reduce blood sugar. These combination supplements may list health claims on the label. It is possible to take too much milk thistle. People sometimes use milk thistle for hepatitis C, a viral infection of the liver. Similar to milk thistle, dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) has antioxidant effects. More study is needed to confirm this. A service of the National Library of Medicine, PubMed contains publication information and (in most cases) brief summaries of articles from scientific and medical journals. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely. Milk thistle is native to Europe and was introduced into North America by early colonists. All rights reserved. Who should not take Milk Thistle Capsule? Yes, you can take milk thistle long term. The leaves are wide with white blotches or veins. Milk thistle may cause an allergic reaction in those with allergies to plants in the same family, like ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy. Milk thistle is available as a supplement from many health food stores. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. Taking milk thistle along with certain drugs and medications may cause minor interactions. Wu J-W, Lin L-C, Tsai T-H. Drugdrug interactions of silymarin on the perspective of pharmacokinetics. Certain individuals might experience weakness with milk thistle. Some research has found that milk thistle can impact blood cholesterol levels, although it is not conclusive. 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. Scientists think this creates a detoxifying effect, which is why milk thistle may be beneficial for liver problems. You can find milk thistle as loose-leaf tea or in tea bags. The Clearinghouse does not provide medical advice, treatment recommendations, or referrals to practitioners. The FDA has not approved milk thistle to treat any health conditions. Phytother Res. Although some studies have shown positive results on milk thistle for people with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the overall research does not show a benefit. What. The active ingredient in milk thistle, silymarin, acts as an antioxidant by reducing free radical production. Highly clinically significant. Inhibition of glucuronidation by milk thistle may be the most likely mechanism for clinically important drug interactions, but supporting clinical data are needed before specific action can be recommended. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved milk thistle for the treatment of cancer. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. But it may be a helpful complementary treatment to try if a healthcare professional approves it. Achufusi TGO, Patel RK. A look at the apple cider vinegar detox, which is a popular cleansing diet. It may not be safe for people with hormone-sensitive breast cancer. Taking too much milk thistle may increase the likelihood of side effects. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2000. Kazazis CE, Evangelopoulos AA, Kollas A, Vallianou NG. Please seek help right away if you experience severe side effects from taking milk thistle. As with any natural remedy, people should discuss using milk thistle with a doctor before taking it. A study from 2012 confirmed that milk thistle might not have true beneficial effects on hepatitis C. In the study, patients who took silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, daily for 24 weeks had no significant improvements in liver enzymes or other measures compared to those who took the placebo. Some such drugs may include (12): Since milk thistle affects how well the liver breaks down these medications, it can affect how well these medications can work. These include: Most research has looked at the benefits of silymarin and silybin. Check if they have been certified organic following U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) regulations. 2020;34(6):1446-1454. doi:10.1002/ptr.6620. It is not uncommon for supplements to interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or even other supplements. Little is known about whether its safe to use milk thistle during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Research states that milk thistle can cause certain abdominal problems like diarrhea, bloating, gas, and an upset stomach. Researchers found silymarin stimulated the immune system. List Milk Thistle Capsule side effects by likelihood and severity. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. If drinking milk thistle tea, it is best to limit intake to 6 cups a day. Gufford BT, Chen G, Vergara AG, Lazarus P, Oberlies NH, Paine MF. There's not a ton of evidence showing that it actually works, but herbal medicine regulators in Germany . Adv Ther. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, has been reported to be safe at doses of 700 milligrams three times a day for 24 weeks. 2015;22(2):290-296. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. The mention of any product, service, or therapy is not an endorsement by NCCIH. 2007;2007(4):CD003620. Milk thistle also did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in a randomized controlled study in healthy subjects, suggesting that milk thistle does not affect the activity of the uptake transporter, OATP1B1.5. Does milk thistle interact with my other drugs? We explore the potential health benefits of milk thistle below. Phytother Res. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist. Investigating the Potential for Toxicity From Long-Term Use of the Herbal Products, Goldenseal and Milk Thistle, Toxicologic Pathology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. 2012;308(3):274-82. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. Liver toxicity has been observed in people with cancer taking silybin, an active ingredient in milk thistle. It will also cover milk thistle side effects, precautions, dosage, and interactions. Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Below is a look at some of the research surrounding the uses of milk thistle. Overall, milk thistle compared with placebo or no treatment had no significant effect on mortality (death), liver disease complications, or liver histology (microscopic anatomy of the liver). Gaert., family: Asteraceae) seeds have been used for centuries as herbal medicine mainly for the treatment of liver diseases. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. There is not enough known about the safety of milk thistle for people who are pregnant or breastfeeding. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Talk to your pharmacist for more details. Check out the infographic below to learn more about the benefits of milk thistle.SaveIllustration: StyleCraze Design Team. 2014;97 Suppl 11:S31-S40. Before taking milk thistle, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, or daisies; or if you have any other allergies. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? The potential uses of milk thistle may be due to silymarin, an active ingredient found in the herb that is said to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Use milk thistle as directed to prevent an overdose. Milk thistle is an annual or biennial herb native to the Mediterranean region, which has been used for centuries as a food and as a medicinal herb for treatment of liver conditions. Occasionally, people report various digestive side effects. What is the daily upper limit for milk thistle? Small Business Research Grant Program (SBIR), About Research Training and Career Development, Training Grant Application, Review, and Award Process, Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series, Division of Extramural Research Sponsored by NCCIH, Division of Intramural Research Conducted at NCCIH, Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact, Know the Science: 9 Questions To Help You Make Sense of Health Research, How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed, Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. She was awarded the Pr more, Ravi Teja Tadimalla , Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health, Ravi Teja Tadimalla is an editor and a published author. It can be consumed in supplement form or as a tea. In one such study, a 45-day course of silymarin, the active component of milk thistle, increased antioxidant capacity and reduced generalized inflammation in adults with type 2 diabetes compared with a placebo. In these cases, very high doses (10 to 20 grams per day) of silybin were taken, which is much higher than is typically recommended. The extract of the seeds of milk thistle contains a number of substances, collectively called silymarin. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a herbal product widely used in the United States and around the world. Content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser. A double-blind controlled study. By Brittany Lubeck, RD This prickly plant has distinctive purple flowers and white veins, which traditional. Although research is still emerging, milk thistle may be beneficial for conditions relating to the liver and gallbladder. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Other studies looking at milk thistle for cirrhosis have found conflicting results. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. So, consult a doctor to understand about its long term usage. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. However, even if supplements are third-party tested, that doesnt mean they are necessarily safe for all or effective in general. He graduated from SRM University, Chennai, and has a Professional Certificate in Food, Nutrition & Research from Wageningen University. Some, but not all, milk thistle supplements are vegan. Initial animal research conducted in 2016 found that silymarin caused weight loss in mice that scientists fed a diet intended to cause weight gain. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your doctor or pharmacist first. According to researchers, these findings suggest that silymarin may improve diabetes symptoms like oxidative stress and inflammation. In mice that scientists fed a diet intended to be a helpful complementary treatment to try a., family: Asteraceae ) seeds have been used for centuries as herbal medicine mainly for the of. 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