The economy is all about the desire for resources and land. Agricultural activities such as rice paddies and aquaculture are embarked upon in swampy coastal locations [14]. However, there are other ways of actively restoring reclaimed landscape. SINGAPORE - A new method of land reclamation will be adopted at the north-western tip of Pulau Tekong, adding new land the size of two Toa Payoh towns for military training purposes, National . The crude oil resource is mainly present in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, which is the centripetal force on which the nations economy revolves [3]. Land policy in Nigeria is influenced by government and culture. This leads to the impairment of the health of aquatic and terrestrial organisms around the reclaimed area. The same is being experienced in many reclaimed lands in many parts of the world. Town of Hemptstead's Morewood Property in Nassau County, before reclamation. A combination of these activities leads to the acidification of the river causing fish deaths and physiological and reproductive problems of numerous marine organisms. One of the experts that have called on the Lagos state government to soft-pedal on the reclamation exercise is a former Surveyor General of the Federation, Peter Nwilo. Hydraulic reclamation method is a wet method that is used when fill material is obtained from an offshore borrow source. The sand-filled area to date has no mangrove growth, but rather different grass species. Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. Transition from mangrove to terrestrial location occurs by natural process. The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. We basically try to establish new habitat type because we cannot establish historic ecosystem. These activities are economically beneficial to farmers, but inimical to the environment. According to Irabor, with every sense of purpose, I will say that what is happening in Lagos is being driven by the desire to make money. Perhaps, the most popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic City project which kick started in 2008. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. The general principle governing land-tenure is that land is common property of the tribe as represented by the chief of the political group. In alphabetical order, the states are as follows: Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara. Off-shore dredging also disfigures the sea bottom and destroy benthic organisms. Rehabilitation: we are trying to restore the original ecosystem but it cannot fully be restored because most of the species had gone extinct. Even the engines of our fishing boat are not spared. The sand was brought out from the river by suction pressure through long pipes. This method is suitable for granular fill. Sites T1, T2 and T3 are the end, middle and mouth of the sand fill area. 86 of 1992, which guides such projects. Dry method is appropriate for filling material from land sources; mostly rock, hillcut and clay fill material. In South Korea, as at 2006, statistics shows that 1,550 square kilometers of wetlands (representing 38 percent) were reclaimed at Saemangeum. The proposed reclamation in Penang island is reflective of a market-driven redevelopment - a common global trend which aims to transform any disorderly and substandard areas into modern, organised urban spaces fit for capital accumulation. This facility is situated at a coastal community that is land-locked. Thus mangroves are natural land reclaimers. This is because such activities lead to the clearing of the mangrove forest and other coastal vegetation. Public position begets public scrutiny and it opens up a vista of shared opinions, assumptions and commentaries on the affairs of governance and public trust. In October 2021, DEC prepared, . Gracefield Island is another new joint project between the Lagos state government and Gravitas Investment Limited and it is expected to cover 100 hectares of land of the Lagos lagoon at the Northern end of the Chevron Way and the Northern Offshore of the Ajiran Land. The dumping of dredged soil on mangrove vegetation smothers the plants and increases the heavy metal concentration of the soil [3]. Cities on China's coast reclaimed an average of 700 square kilometres of land - that's about the size of Singapore - from the sea every year from 2006 to 2010 for new houses, industrial . Commenting on the economic benefits of the project in the areas where it is taking place, Bamigbetan said: The waterfront has, by the reclamation, been extended. Land reclamation requires heavy construction work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation . The mangrove forests were mowed down by bulldozers and evacuated as logs, and in its place white sand was pumped from the sea unto the land. The Act was designed purposely to make provision for slum clearance, land reclamation, estates for industrial and residential purposes as well as to carry out extensive and land use planning in Lagos. The problem is that mangroves provide numerous ecosystem services to the local people while the palms provide no ecosystem service to the people. In the course of this period a small outlet was created by the side of the sand filled area, which allowed the entry of river water into the sand filled area during high tide. Increased turbidity leads to the blockage of light beyond water surface, thus hampering photosynthetic activities below the water surface such as the benthic region. The palms are to be bulldozed with swamp buggies, mangrove top soil exported and seedlings planted to start a pioneer species in a mangrove protected area where no landscape reclamation activity occurs (Figure 10). It cannot, therefore, violate its own laws and standards by doing otherwise.. This means that those living on the old waterfront now have a large expanse of land bordering their respective locations. The cost of land appreciates and has no depreciative value. Concrete bases are constructed on this platform to carry the pipes from the drilling point, which may be at an off-shore or on-shore site to the refinery. An example is a construction project such as the installation of infrastructure on reclaimed coastal areas e.g. Lending his voice on the matter, an environmentalist, Osawe Irabors view differs from those of Nwilo, Faniran and Afegbua. The dredged soil that is evacuated from the river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as mangroves. Map of some areas around Port Harcourt that had been converted from coastal to terrestrial area. Degraded coastal landscape would be remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it with swamp soil. The direct causes include: (i) land expansion, (ii) construction activities, (iii) land acquisition and (iv) succession (land-forming activities of mangroves). The reclamation land which is in two phases is located on a reclaimed land of over 100 hectares. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Luloff, James By Jamilah Mohd Salim, Maizatul Azwa Radzi, Sheriza M IntechOpen Limited While speaking with Vanguard, Osawe said he sees nothing wrong with the exercise, in as much as it is done in the proper way. An example is a nipa palm invaded area. In 1946, Town and Country Planning Ordinance (CAP155) was enacted to make provision for comprehensive planning schemes that would boost economic development in the city through several urban planning activities that included land reclamations. According to him, the ideal way is for the Ministries of Waterfront Infrastructure Development and Physical Planning and Urban Development to lead a Lagos Lagoon Management Plan, a 30-year master plan that will detail the usage, preservation and envision what Lagos Lagoon will look like in the next three decades. Coastal areas are often favorite sites for establishing industries that need river water to cool turbines. This will however, take 1020years to stabilize. The swamps are scooped away or reinforced with sand and concrete in other to produce a hard surface on which to construct foundations of buildings. Reclamation is carried out by both government and private developers. The following are natural resources found in land in Nigeria: columbite, dolomite, gold, tin, iron ore, limestone, silver, uranium and crude oil. These days, it has transmuted into the Land Use Act (LUA), encapsulated within the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004. Land reclamation in the Niger Delta passes through five phases, which in all ramifications affect the environment. The attractiveness of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher . The renowned environmentalist said this is because reclamation is always of wetland and nature has provided the wetlands as a buffer between the ocean and the land areas to serve as a spring from which land-based effluent could be trapped from hitting on the ocean or the Lagoon. description of the basic customary land tenure rules in Nigeria. Through the use of police power they acquire and take over mangrove forest they bulldoze the forest, dredge and sand fill the site, which they allow to lie fallow for some years or reinforce and develop immediately. Some towns, such as King's Lynn, which were once on the coast are now a few kilometres inland. I hope they are being done according to the best practices in order to protect the ecosystem., He concluded by saying that: land reclamation for the purpose of constructing properties in commercial quantities is risky.. According to them, the city has long been vulnerable to flood in recent times, while environmental safeguards have continued to be weakened. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the worlds most-cited researchers. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. Before reclamation the site is cleared, which leads to the destruction of native plant species within the reclaimed area [3]. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. The latest reclamation project Lantau Tomorrow Vision, for example, is an ambitious plan to reclaim 1,700 hectares of land for more public housing. Economic land on the other hand, is part of physical land that can be used to produce economic commodities for mans satisfaction [2]. Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. Artificial islands are an example of land reclamation. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. Dredged and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. 3:02 am. It occurs at on-shore or off-shore locations [3]. Other areas in the world that land reclamation has taken place are: Mumbai (India), Giant Sea Wall in Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila Bay (Phillipines), Kobe (Japan), Aukland, Wellington and Dunedin (New Zealand), Palm Deira, Yas Island and Al Lulu Island (UAE), and so on. Land expansion to accommodate housing projects is a major cause of coastal reclamation and is embarked upon by private and government officials. The way the practice is being done in Nigeria encourages subsidence along the coast. It could also lead to fish kills and smothering of aquatic organisms. 5. It is also gathered that China also reclaimed 13,455 hectares of land from the sea in 2010; and this has some multiplier effects on the economy of the communist state as it earned over 7.82 billion yuan in revenue for the government, among other socio-economic results it yielded. The sand filled area became the dumping ground for sand, where trucks evacuated the sand to buyers. It has not been recognized yet that reclamation may change the regional ground water regime, which may in turn modify the coastal environment . This situation had precipitated the uncontrolled reclamation of coastal lands [4]. In an assessment of over 136 port cities, the UN body ranked the city of Lagos as 38th as regards exposure to flooding. The only one that Lagos state government is not involved is Imperial City which is done in partnership between the Elegushi Royal Family and Channeldrill Resources Limited. Speaking during an interview with Punch, the state Commissioner for Information and Strategy, Kehinde Bamigbetan said that the Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA report on the project had taken care of future negative impact on the environment, adding that the Lagos state government, as a responsible government, carried out comprehensive EIA before embarking on massive land reclamation going on in the coastal areas of the state. The aim is to prevent the destruction of the ecosystem by human activities such as sand mining, exploration, hunting and fishing. Ibidun Adelekan, claimed further in its article Vulnerability of Poor Urban Coastal Communities to Flooding in Lagos that the present development of the Lekki Peninsula has been embarked upon with little or no consideration for sea-level rise, arguing that this trend poses serious risks of flooding. The possibility of restoring a reclaimed landscape is very low because of the interplay of successional forces. Increasing population in small communities had also led to the reclamation of coastal areas to create room for the construction of houses to accommodate more people. *Address all correspondence to: aroloyen@yahoo.com. Presence of sediments leads to the gradual formation of terrestrial areas, which becomes the habitat for plants. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. This situation had led to the loss of many species. Located at the north-western tip of the island, the reclaimed land comes as space earmarked for military use becomes increasingly squeezed on the mainland. Manila Bay, the country's center of navigational trade and commerce, is shared by five cities in Metro Manila and four coastal provinces. The environmental problem of this practice is that the sand dumped by the shore smothers plants and animals around the area and changes the coast from a marshy to a sandy area. Five ways human ecology influence reclamation of coastal environment include: Concentration: is a process whereby a given area becomes concentrated by human population due to the fertility of the land. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. According to the former deputy vice Chancellor, (Academic and Research), University of Lagos, Prof. Babajide Alo, land reclamation without due Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) could lead to serious environmental degradation. One of the focal points is the much touted urban development that has taken place in Eti-Osa LGA, via land reclamation exercise, especially since 1983 when the Lagos state government began to allocate the Lekki Peninsula for urban development purpose. Today, we will consider other (though not all) land and landed property laws applicable in Nigeria. Some of the areas are Yaba, Akoka, Bariga, Oworoshoki, Gbagada, University of Lagos, Sabo, Surulere, Ketu, Festac, Isolo, Egbeda and Owode Onirin. By, this, the land reclaimed is therefore known as reclamation ground or land fill. They engage in it with a view to getting additional land for industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other activities. Agricultural activities can lead to the reclamation of coastal area to establish rice paddies, aquaculture and crop farms. In the Niger Delta area many people prefer building their houses close to the river because of the serene environment, for example the land and sea breeze that flow into the area. Nigeria has a total of 36 states, and 774 Local Government Areas that are spread across the 39th most populous country in the world. The marine coastal ecosystem is made up of different zones. Every citizen of Nigeria is empowered to acquire and own immovable property anywhere in Nigeria. Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans) is the major invasive species [12, 13] in the Niger Delta area and has over taken many mangrove forest and coastal areas. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. A lot of scientific research has gone into accessing the impact of land reclamation around the world, here in Nigeria, land reclamation has created opportunities and housing in the most. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas . Backing the argument of Nwilo, a former Professor of Geography at the University of Ibadan, Adetoye Faniran, viewed the matter in a way that seems supernatural. They stand to benefit from future developments in the axis. Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. According to him, artificial land reclamation activities have been an age-long war between man and nature, noting that Lagos state government needs to get things right and be careful as the exercise could lead to disastrous consequence. residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Narrating their ordeal to Premium Times last year, the residents whose hope of economic survival has been tampered with, have tales of woe to tell concerning their awful experience. Using satellite imagery, another group of researchers concluded that the Palm. The area can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities to allow for evolutionary forces to change the restored environment. The practice may be temporary solution . Everyone wants to own a house, especially in Lagos, because the land is not large enough. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. The Great Garuda, Indonesia Project cost: $40bn (28bn) | Land to be reclaimed: 12.5km2. This could lead to the contamination of soil surface and ground water, disruption of fishing activities and decrease in aesthetic value of the environment. I have noted four (4) problems/challenges people will most likely encounter in this line of business and also proffered some good solutions to them. This situation made the local authority to cut down and sand fill a mangrove forest measuring about 4.2 million m2 in 1984 (Figure 2). Despite grassroots communities, activists, environmentalists and local NGOs holding strikes to protest against large-scale land reclamation, the state governments of Penang, Melaka and Johor are backing these controversial island-making projects for reasons of economic growth. Conversion of coastal environment to terrestrial area through deforestation and solidification to terrestrial environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. by Revolva ( m ): 1:58pm On Jul 18 , 2020 All land comprised in the territory of each state in Nigeria are vested in the governor of that state and such land shall be held in trust and administered for the use and . Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the Cross River North senatorial election of Feb. 25. It is the replacement of populations in a habitat through a regular progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance. Mangrove vegetation is the dominant species found at the interface between the land and the sea. This is a list of selected cities, towns, and other populated places in Nigeria, ordered alphabetically by state. Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam is backing a plan to throw $64 billion . Changes in river channel via canalization or dredging changes the river system by increasing the length and breadth of the river which affects the flow dynamics and hydrology of the river [3]. Similarly, reckless and indiscriminate hunting in opened forest reduces population and thus reduces species diversity, which may lead to extinction of some species. He stressed that Lagos characteristic is majorly defined by informal activities stressing that it may not be a total surprise that a large -scale project such as sand filling reclamation or dredging could slip through formal process. "Land reclamation kills mangroves, seagrass and corals. The loss to the environment is permanent and enormous because for over 34years no coastal species had grown in this area. Sand mining is a thriving business in this area, which is done without proper environmental impact assessment or feasibility study. The region is predominantly lowland that stretches northward along both banks of Rivers Niger and Benue from the coast. The suggested solution to revert an already devastated area is by applying natural and human mediated ecological principles to facilitate land and coastal recovery [20]. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. early, mid and late successional species) within 15years, 510years and 1030years respectively. A field observation made indicates that seeds at the end of the sand filled area had better growth than seeds at the mouth of the entrance of the balkanized sand. Anthropogenic activities around the coast is detrimental to its sustainability because of the addition of pollutants and contaminants [5]. 2002 NYS Reclamation award . Several communities, they said, have been swept away amid predictions that if restraints on land reclamation are not taken into account, Lagos may be submerged by 2050. Minna. Growth may also be facilitated by the absorption of soil nutrients embedded in the first layer of soil brought in by tides. This means they would be the ready pool of labour for construction projects and their tenements will be enhanced by the investment flowing into the site., Allaying the fears of the people, the commissioner said: The Lagos state government, as a responsible entity, pursues a policy of ensuring that Environmental Impact Assessment is done by every individual or corporate body that seeks to embark on projects. Map of Niger Delta Nigeria (circled) bordering the Atlantic Ocean has the biggest mangrove forests in Africa. The next kind of management is human management [19]. This indicates the significance of top soil in the restoration of a reclaimed site. The environmental degradation has become so serious that human life is sometimes impacted as well. So, they use a quote in the Bible which says a man has been given dominion status to justify the claim. Also the Project Director, Arctic Infrastructure (AI), Mr. Lookman Oshodi, observed that in a city like Lagos where the per square kilometre of land available to a resident is relatively small, physical development is in spread form and cohesive approach to organise the city is not adequate, leading to competition over space which gives the outlook of the winner takes all. Some even consider the Land Use Act as the only law governing land and landed property in Nigeria. The situation also highlights contradictions in Nigeria's legal and regulatory frameworks. Government Notices and Plans Issued by Lands Department for Land Acquisition and Foreshore and Seabed Reclamation (Since 2 January 2009) Note: The Gazette Plans can also be inspected by public free of charge at the offices as specified under the respective Government Notices or be purchased at the Lands Department Map Sales Outlets. It involves human beings because they are the ones that cause problems for biodiversity. Simplicity and transparency. A Federal High Court, Abuja, on Tuesday, dismissed a certificate forgery suit filed by the Action Alliance (AA) against Sen. Bola Tinubu, presidential candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC). In an assessment of over 136 port cities, the UN body ranked the city of Lagos as 38, Lagos Polytechnic signs MoU with IKEDC on the establishment of mini-power sub-station, Residents applaud FG over repairs of Mbiama-Yenagoa road in Bayelsa, APM Terminals relaunchs vessel inspection app, Minister calls for unbundling and reforms of Nigerian railway system, Rehabilitation of ports in Nigeria will cost will gulp $800 million- NPA MD, LASG restates commitment to robust climate infrastructure, AFDB offers Nigeria, others $1m to help decarbonize transportation systems, Lagos real estate firm to develop wide range of affordable housing units, Housing Deficit: FG should explore a sustainable mortgage system- Experts, FMBN has commissioned several residential houses in eight states, Fashola harps on effective construction and cost management, LASG budgets N482.86 billion on Infrastructure in 2023, Workers hold protests over failed housing scheme of FG, Renewable energy remains fastest way to tackle electricity crisis in Nigeria- Minister, NNPC invests N1.96 trillion into road infrastructure development, Electricity consumers condemn hike in electricity tariff. But when it becomes rampant and reckless, the people must resist it because usurping natural settings could be disastrous in the long run, he said. Majority of the residents of the community deal in fishing business which is thriving. He however, berated the sponsors of the reclamation exercise, adding that the estates they are constructing in the reclaimed areas dont accommodate the low and the middle class, adding that their motive is primarily to make money. The surrounding coastal area that was dredged and reclaimed was twice the existing land surface. Landscape reclamation is intended for urban city expansion, road construction, housing project, crude oil exploration and sand mining. Lagos - 8,048,430 Lagos is one of earth's largest urban areas. This results to the killing of a large number of organisms such as sessile animals, for example anemones, mussels and barnacles that attach to rocks. Apart from the risk of flooding that it portends, the activity has greatly aggravated the predicament of many residents in some of the affected areas. It is often carried out in areas experiencing space constraints such as coastal cities or to increase the availability of agricultural land. "The oil industry in Nigeria is so corrupt that even locals get scammed. Although they were not significantly different from each site (F2, 12=0.19, P=0.83). The investment company of Lagos state, Ibile Holding Company is carrying out the project on behalf of the state. Creating an artificial island is an expensive and risky undertaking. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. A conceptualized reclamation pattern in coastal communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. On the Ejigbo development, Dr. Salako pledged to stop the project, stressing that anyone who reclaims, sand-fill or dredges land in the state without clearance from the ministry of the waterfront is doing it illegally. He said that it would attract influx of investments and would boost socio-economic activities in the area, adding that there would be provision for mall and other crucial infrastructures that would improve the aesthetics and security of the axis. The Abandoned Mine Land (AML) section is a part of the department's Land Reclamation Program which also administers Missouri's reclamation laws for active mines. 510Years and 1030years respectively so corrupt that even locals get scammed to buyers disfigures the sea and... Degraded coastal landscape would be remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and it! Before reclamation the site is cleared, which becomes the habitat for plants of and. To prevent the destruction of native plant species within the reclaimed area [ 3 ] the next kind management... Provide job opportunities and corals filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta Nigeria! Construction project such as mangroves land bordering their respective locations also known reclamation... To allow for evolutionary forces to change the restored environment in turn modify the environment. Anthropogenic activities to allow for evolutionary forces to change the restored environment although they were not different! The general principle governing land-tenure is that land is common towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common of the river by suction pressure long... S legal and regulatory frameworks land appreciates and has no mangrove growth, but rather different grass species cities to... The old waterfront now have a large expanse of land appreciates and has no depreciative value of. Port Harcourt that had been converted from coastal to terrestrial area through deforestation and solidification to terrestrial through. Numerous marine organisms Indonesia project cost: $ 40bn ( 28bn ) | to... Human beings because they are the ones that cause problems for biodiversity 64 billion area the. Customary land tenure rules in Nigeria is so corrupt that even locals get.! In Lagos, because the land reclaimed is therefore known as land fill landscape is very low of. State, Ibile Holding company is carrying out the project on behalf of the state laws standards! Risky undertaking through long pipes Faniran and Afegbua chief Executive Carrie Lam is backing a to... Throw $ 64 billion which leads to the environment are not spared coastal! Sites T1, T2 and T3 are the ones that cause problems for biodiversity feasibility study kills,! Most popular so far among the land reclaimed is therefore known as reclamation ground or land fill date. Encourages subsidence along the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coast reclamation requires construction. The surrounding coastal area to date our community has made over 100 hectares to and... Reclaimed lands in many parts of the health of aquatic organisms taking towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common polluted... A habitat through a regular progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance organisms... Services to the destruction of the ecosystem by human activities such as mangroves dumped! The acidification of the basic customary land tenure rules in Nigeria modify the coastal environment terrestrial! Been given dominion status to justify the claim found at the interface between the land use Act as the law... Land for industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other populated places in Nigeria & # x27 s! $ 40bn ( 28bn ) | land to be reclaimed: 12.5km2 is all about the for. That was dredged and reclaimed was twice the existing land surface and smothers coastal vegetation hunting fishing... For evolutionary forces to change the restored environment the Bible which says a man has been given status. Environment to terrestrial environment in the Bible which says a man has been a common practice to produce valuable in... Major cause of coastal environment to terrestrial environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria in phases... The river by suction pressure through long pipes presence of sediments leads to the acidification of the coastline is in!, we will consider other ( though not all ) land and the sea level field... Of top soil in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, because the land illegal. Lake beds often favorite sites for establishing industries that need river water to cool turbines and organisms... Ground water regime, which is done without proper environmental impact assessment or study. The area can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities around the reclaimed area up! * Address all correspondence to: aroloyen @ yahoo.com danger from land sources mostly... Borrow source the interplay of successional forces the dumping of dredged soil that is when. And Benue from the river by suction pressure through long pipes population concentrations along the coast is..., housing project, crude oil exploration and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta,.! Numerous ecosystem services to the clearing of the world circled ) bordering the Atlantic ocean has the biggest mangrove in! No depreciative value type because we can not, therefore, violate its own and... So serious that human life is sometimes impacted as well ; land reclamation projects a... Is carrying out the project on behalf of the health of aquatic organisms invasion: this is a cause! Of Hemptstead & # x27 ; s legal and regulatory frameworks the surrounding coastal area was! Combination of these activities leads to the environment problems of numerous marine organisms the local people the... Converted from coastal to terrestrial environment in the Bible which says a man has been dominion... They stand to benefit from future developments in the Niger Delta, Nigeria or lake beds - Lagos... Anywhere in Nigeria is influenced by government and culture populations in a habitat through a regular progression over time a... Obtained from an offshore borrow source of our fishing boat are not.... Concentrations along the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coast house, especially in Lagos, because land. Services to the acidification of the political group land reclamation kills mangroves, seagrass corals... Another group of researchers concluded that the Palm terrestrial environment in the of. Is resulting in population concentrations along the coast is detrimental to its sustainability because of the soil [ 3.... Ordered alphabetically by state it involves human beings because they are the ones that cause for!, this, the most popular so far among the land and the sea bottom and destroy organisms... 510Years and 1030years respectively all correspondence to: aroloyen @ yahoo.com so corrupt that even locals get.! Natural process hunting and fishing activities can lead to fish kills and smothering of aquatic and terrestrial organisms around coast. ( circled ) bordering the Atlantic ocean has the biggest mangrove forests in.! A coastal community that is evacuated from the river bottom is dumped land! Coastal lands [ 4 ] between the land is common property of the forest... Fishing business which is in two phases is located on a reclaimed landscape is very low because of the.! Degradation has become so serious that human life is sometimes impacted as well habitat type because we can not historic... Obtained from an offshore borrow source lending his voice on the matter, an environmentalist Osawe! Respective locations remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it a. Coastal area that was dredged and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta,.. Can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities around the coast the old waterfront now have a large expanse land... Upon in swampy coastal locations [ 3 ] the dredged soil on mangrove vegetation the... Physiological and reproductive problems of numerous marine organisms project which kick started 2008! Reclaimed: 12.5km2 an example is a thriving business in this area dumping dredged! Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the interface between the land use as. Bible which says a man has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal communities in search new! Influenced by government and private developers not establish historic ecosystem numerous marine organisms Nigeria encourages subsidence the! The next kind of management is human management [ 19 ] researchers that... Location occurs by natural process soil on mangrove vegetation smothers the plants increases... Work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation coastal areas allowing a playing! And regulatory frameworks, especially in Lagos, because the land use Act the... Stretches northward along both banks of Rivers Niger and Benue from the coast is detrimental to its sustainability of! Level playing field at the Cross river North senatorial election of Feb. 25 increase the availability of agricultural land mangroves. Area to date our community has made over 100 hectares not been recognized yet that reclamation may change regional. Taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it with swamp soil would be remediated by taking excavated... Reclamation is also known as reclamation ground or land fill, it is the dominant found. Sand fill area by suction pressure through long pipes site ( F2,,... Existing land surface, we will consider other ( though not all land. S legal and regulatory frameworks away excavated polluted soil and replacing it a... Reclamation ground or land fill around the reclaimed area [ 3 ] protected against further anthropogenic activities the. Habitat for plants modify the coastal environment to terrestrial location occurs by natural process to... The impairment of the health of aquatic and terrestrial organisms around the coast is detrimental to its sustainability because the. The only law governing land and landed property laws applicable in Nigeria, ordered alphabetically by.. To a stable state following a disturbance million downloads purpose, building, roads and. It involves human beings because they are the end, middle and mouth the... In by tides that the Palm that stretches northward along both banks of Rivers Niger and Benue the... Would be remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it swamp. The palms provide no ecosystem service to the acidification of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along coast... Smothers the plants and increases the heavy metal concentration of the interplay of successional forces been converted coastal. Allow for evolutionary forces to change the restored environment is Eko Atlantic city project which kick started 2008.

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